This bill creates a standardized process for federal firearms licensees to request firearm serial number checks and imposes penalties if they fail to file certain reports with law enforcement. CPAC opposes additional regulatory burdens that treat lawful gun dealers as suspects and opposed this bill. The Senate passed this bill on 2025-04-08 by a vote of 23-11. The House passed this bill on 2025-04-25 by a vote of 36-27. The bill later became law.